Moraxella catarrhalis

Pneumococcal

Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization during acute otitis media. 2006, Revai, Pediatrics

The previous study is widely cited, and it is not necessary to even mention that statistical significance was absent. It is also not necessary to mention other studies where the incidence of otitis media in vaccinated individuals has been increased.
In addition, it is reported that the colonization of pneumococcus during otitis media has not changed, since vaccine serotypes have been replaced by non-vaccine ones.
The bacterium M. catarrhalis was found more often in the middle ear in vaccinated children, compared with unvaccinated ones.
Of the three types of bacteria (pneumococcus, hemophilic bacillus and M. catarrhalis), an average of 1.37 bacterial species were found in unvaccinated, 1.48 in partially vaccinated, and 1.67 in vaccinated.

Pneumococcal

Moraxella catarrhalis: from Emerging to Established Pathogen. 2002, Verduin, Clin Microbiol Rev

Previously, M. catarrhalis was considered a harmless bacterium, but in the last decade it suddenly turned out that it can lead to meningitis, sepsis, otitis media, pneumonia and other invasive diseases.
Scientists are working on a vaccine.

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